Students enrolled in the Ph.D. program explore the historic and contemporary intersections among architecture, culture, and technology through two areas of specialization: Technologies of the Built Environment and History, Theory, and Criticism. Research topics are based on the expertise of our faculty and student interests. Possibilities include: building and urban energy use, environmental impacts of built environments, high-performance building skins, tall building design and performance, advanced structural systems, urban water systems, and histories and theories of architectural technology.